If it is a shown dimension, try moving it to a different view and saving it. Then erase it all, retrieve the drawing again. If it appears ok, then move it back to the desired view, save, erase all, and retrieve again.
If it's a created dimension, can you modify the associated model / is it checked out? It's possible to store created dimensions in the model rather than the drawing, but there may be a problem with the display status if it can't be written back to the model.
There's probably a bad pointer in the drawing database to show the dimension. It works when you force it to be displayed, but is broken on retrieval. Moving the dimension should cause it to delete the pointer that associates it to the one view and replace it with a new one. It's not a guarantee as what you are seeing is abnormal behavior. I've had a number of occasions where software was stuck and what amounts to shaking the tree got it lose.
The drawing and associated models should go to tech support as a bug. If it is a defect, they will be able to see it, but it's not likely they can do anything without figuring out what created the defect. Unless this comes up a lot, there's no way they'll do a code review to root out the reason.
If the dimension shows OK on another view, but won't stay with this one view, then the developers may have a shot.
At least it hasn't moved to the Creo Instant Exit module, where retrieving the drawing is the last command you issue before starting Creo again.